When looking for a solution to managing water quality, or simply for aesthetic enhancement, there are three basic types of pond and lake aerators to consider; surface spray aerators, air diffused systems and horizontal aspirators or mixers. Each type has unique differences and efficiencies which can be utilized in many different ways to achieve maximum benefit. Below are some basic guidelines to take into account when selecting and installing an aeration system.
Selecting an Aeration System: The size, shape and depth of a pond should dictate the type of aeration system, or combination of systems to be used; keep in mind when water quality management is an objective, recommended sizing is 2HP per surface acre.
Surface Spray (Floating) Systems: Ponds less than 15 ft deep, or wherever fountain spray aesthetics are desired.
Diffused Aeration Systems: Ponds 15 ft and greater in depth, and when no surface spray is desired. (Note: Efficiency is lost when used in ponds less than 15 ft, but can be remedied with additional diffuser manifolds placed throughout the pond. These systems are not recommended for ponds less than 8 ft.)
Mixers and Aspirators: In ponds less than 9 ft deep where lateral movement is dictated, or no surface spray is desired.
Electrical Requirements: In order to operate the systems efficiently, and without nuisance tripping, it will be necessary to know if sufficient power is available, how close it is to the source, and if there are other electrical requirements that may be utilizing the same source, ie. irrigation, lighting, etc. It's also important to follow both local and national electrical codes during installation, which will often require burying/trenching wire in conduit from the power source to the aerators power control center, and from the PCC out to the ponds edge.
Having operational electricity is necessary before flotation and start-up of any aeration system, for security and mechanical considerations, and may become a scheduling consideration that could need attention. A certified electrician may also be required during installation.
System Installation: There are two ways of securing most units into position, anchoring (to the pond bottom), and mooring (to the pond edges, either above or beneath the surface.) Methods of securing and quality of materials used can affect security, ease of service, and safety, and should be included in the planning process. Tools and materials required can include: a shovel (to bury/trench cable,) conduit, stainless steel cable or nylon rope, cinder blocks and a boat (when anchoring,) and rebar or duckbill anchors (when mooring.) Diffused Air Systems do not require anchoring or mooring, but a boat is often required during installation.
Intensive landscaping around the pond such as retaining walls, waterfalls, and planting beds could affect the installation process, in addition to future available access for service or maintenance. Further coordination may be needed between the aeration installer and landscape and/or irrigation contractor in these instances as well.
